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Jean Hyppolite's Interpretation of Hegel's Philosophy of History
Abraham, Titouan ; Steinbach, Tim-Florian (advisor) ; Ottmann, François (referee)
Master's Thesis Abstract Charles University, Prague Erasmus Mundus EuroPhilosophie (2021-2023) Student: Titouan Abraham Title: L'interprétation par Jean Hyppolite de la philosophie de l'histoire de Hegel (Jean Hyppolite's Interpretation of Hegel's Philosophy of History) Keywords: Hegel; Hegelianism; Theologische Jugendschriften; Phenomenology of Spirit; Jean Hyppolite; philosophy; philosophy of history; pantragism; Alexandre Kojève; end of history The aim of this work is to analyse the singularity of Jean Hyppolite's study of the Hegelian philosophy of history. The guiding question is the following: Did Jean Hyppolite defend a pantragic reading of the dynamics of Hegelian history? We begin with an account of Hegelian studies in France from the beginning of the nineteenth century until the end of the 1930s, when Alexandre Kojève's teachings on the Phenomenology of Spirit came to an end. We discover that Hyppolite differs from Kojève in particular because he breaks with his proposal of an end to history and his anthropological reading of the Hegelian system. To explain these differences, we need to return to the links between the young Hegel's religious thought and the birth of his philosophy of history. This stage consists of re-reading, with Jean Hyppolite, the theological writings of his youth, and showing...
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The issue of eternal clause in connection with the theory of Francis Fukuyma
Linhart, Jan ; Kučera, Rudolf (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
Diploma thesis "The issue of eternal clause in connection with the theory of Francis Fukuyama" deals with existence and meaning of eternal clause. It tries to find connection between eternal clause and theory of Francis Fukyama about end of history. Eternal clause is article or articles, which take out basic elements of liberal democracy from disposition of majority in parliament. So the main meaning of eternal clause is to defend these elements against democracy itself. Diploma thesis deals with historical development of countries, which have eternal clause and by this, it tries to find link between these countries. In second part, diploma thesis deals with function and importance of eternal clause in example of Czech eternal clause, which is the most specific. It discusses status and power of eternal clause and outlines theoretical problems connected with eternal clause in Czech Republic. At the end diploma thesis focuses on theory of Francis Fukuyama about end of history. It focuses on critics of Fukuyama's theory and tries to find connection between his theory and eternal clause. The diploma thesis deals with the idea that the existence of eternal clause can be consider as real base for Fukayama's theory about end of history.
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Reflections on the Global Order after the End of the Cold War: the Perspective of Francis Fukuyama and Samuel P. Huntington
Jurásek, Miroslav ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Lehmannová, Zuzana (referee) ; Vlček, Dalibor (referee) ; Gombár, Eduard (referee)
The times coming with the End of the Cold War were very turbulent. Politicians had to take into the consideration lots of scenarios and the next global trends to make correct decisions. Most of the very numerous visions of the future global order followed more or less the twofold pattern: order or anarchy. "The End of History and the Last Man" and "The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order" written by two prominent American political scientists Francis Fukuyama and Samuel P. Huntington and published at the beginning of the 90s are the most representative works that fit into this pattern. These provocative and controversial theories have been criticized and empirically challenged by many on one side, on the other side it hasn't impeded others to use them as a starting point for their next analyses. This dissertation thesis is a contribution to the debate between the dissenters and the supporters of these theories from a predictive point of view. Through the research theoretical methodology it is argued that the examined theories are still valid even nowadays because their theoretical essence (or hard core in the Lakatosian research program) has not been refuted yet. Nevertheless, the hard core of the theories determines their very specific character which puts forward the importance of the factors labelled in the Lakatosian framework as an external history of a science. These factors organized according to the Mehtas criteria of so called strong idea are, especially in the social sciences, decisive for how a theoretical construct is accepted in a broader non-academic context. It is demonstrated that both theories fulfill all criteria to be very influential in practice, although the idea of clash of civilizations is even more powerful in this respect. The specific features of all theories are illustrated on two case studies: Union of South American Nations and Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Firstly, the selection of these case studies is justified and secondly, the anomalies in terms of the Lakatosian methodology are identified and then explained. There have been found no unexplainable anomalies, which practically confirms the validity of both research programs on one side, on the other side it facilitates a better assessment of the studied theories in a sense of their interpretative scope and possibilities.
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Democracy and the System of International Relations
Ducháč, Martin ; Lehmannová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Rolenc, Jan Martin (referee)
This master thesis focuses on Fukuyama's End of History thesis and the Theory of Democratic Peace. Broader theoretical framework is the liberal-idealist tradition of international relations. The basis for analysis is liberalism which is presented as a scientific research program. Liberal theory is chosen also due to the fact that it provides better explanation of contemporary complex and interconnected world. The analysis focuses on theoretical foundations of both theories and follows their main supporting arguments. Liberal-democratic system is interpreted as an emergent property and the consequence of spontaneous order (societal self-organization based on voluntary co-operation), i.e. as an outcome of an evolutionary process in a complex system with feedback. The consequence for the international system is that it can be no longer considered as mainly anarchical environment.
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